Hoxa, Sunday 27th July 2014

A walk around Hoxa Head, accompanied by friends visiting Orkney, began and ended in a rain shower, but was sunny and warm in the middle. We explored the Second World War coastal defence infrastructure and then stood on the cliff top watching Puffins, Kittiwakes, Gannets, Tysties and Harbour Porpoises.

The above photos (taken with my phone) show the moment that the showers gave way to sunshine and a Common Blue butterfly. Both images were taken from a trench cut into the rock, which linked the munitions magazine with the gun emplacements.

After a visit to the tea room to wet our whistles and dry our waterproofs, the sun returned once more, so we wandered a short distance along the single track road to look at the nearby pools. As per my visit earlier in the week, there were many Blue-tailed Damselflies about, with the added bonus that Our Lass spotted several teneral Black Darters. Unfortunately, neither of us were carrying cameras, but the knowledge that they were on the wing was pleasing enough.

Crantit Trail, Wednesday 24th July 2014

About a fortnight ago, a visitor to Orkney had spotted a Golden-ringed Dragonfly on the sea wall at Scapa Beach. Now, two weeks is a long time in the life of a dragonfly, probably about 20 years in human terms, so the chances of it still being around were minimal at best.

But faint heart never won a fair lady, as they say.

The morning's weather in Holm was dominated by a haar rolling in off the North Sea but, up by Kirkwall, the sun had already burnt off the fog and it was very hot. I'd guess it was about 20 degrees C, which is not far off as good as it gets up here!

I decided to explore the Crantit Trail, a path which links the outskirts of Kirkwall with Scapa Beach. The area is not far above sea level and the canalised water course running through it was quite silted, but the further I walked inland, the better it became.

I got off to a shocker of a start, forgetting my specs, so I would've struggled to spot an Apache helicopter, never mind a dragonfly. Fortunately, I use my bins without my specs and was able to scan the water and bankside vegetation without too much trouble. The vegetation was very lush and there were insects everywhere.

Eventually, all this gazing paid off and several Large Red Damselflies were spotted as they engaged in aerial combat over a small stretch of the stream.

About halfway along the trail, the path crosses a bridge as it dog legs to follow the opposite bank. Here the vegetation in the water had built up a fair bit and the bridge itself created a space that was a sun trap.

Here were more LRDs, about eight in total. Two pairs were ovipositing in tandem, the males staying with their partners as the eggs were laid into submerged vegetation.

Other males were loitering nearby, just in case there was an opportunity to muscle in. Honestly, it's not at all the dainty world that you might think for such delicate and slender insects.

Here's the other pair that were ovipositing...

He thinks that she's still egg-laying, but in actual fact, her abdomen is perfectly straight and isn't even in the water. Instead, she's munching on a small insect. Hungry work, this mating malarkey.

Russadale, 22nd July 2014

The day's continuing fine weather, although interspersed with brief periods of haar that seemed to suck the warmth out of the air, tempted me to try another site.

After a meeting in Kirkwall mid-afternoon, I headed over to Russadale, near Stenness, as a friend had tipped me off that there was a Common Hawker at the quarry, HY334097. As I walked up the stony track towards the quarry, I met another keen amateur odonatologist, who confirmed the presence of the dragonfly, giving its location as about 100m short of the quarry entrance. As adult dragonflies are very mobile (in fact, this individual may well have emerged over on Hoy, where they are known to breed), my hopes weren't great, but I pressed on higher up the track, meadow giving way to heather.

Suddenly, my attention was whipped away from the calls of Stonechat, Sedge Warbler and Wren, by a movement ahead of me. It wasn't a bird or a butterfly, but a large dragonfly. Fortune was on my side, as it soon settled on some vegetation by the side of the path. I would guess that this spot was perfect as a temporary roost, in full sun but out of the worst of the cooling breeze. Where better for an ode to heat up its wing muscles? A quick check with bins confirmed that this was indeed a male Common Hawker (large, generally blue/black, thin antehumeral stripes, broad stripes on the side of the thorax, yellow costa, waisted abdomen with blue and yellow spots).

Once it had 'recharged its batteries', it was off over the heather-clad moor, hawking for insect prey.

Up at the quarry, the breeze was much stronger, being funnelled through the space by the rock walls. No damselflies were visible over the pool and a search for a large Hawker exuvia at the water's edge proved fruitless. It is just possible that the Common Hawker that has been seen here has emerged on Mainland, rather then flown across from Hoy. This would be a significant step in the expansion of the species' Orcadian range, so warrants further investigation.

Hoxa, Tuesday 22nd July 2014

A warm, sunny day raised the prospect of the seeing some odes a bit closer to home. Once the early morning haar had burnt off, I ventured down to South Ronaldsay, past the Sands o' Wright and onto Hoxa.

First stop was the old quarry, now flooded, at ND415938 where, in the north western corner, there's a small area of suitable habitat. A few Blue-tailed Damselflies were seen in the sheltered areas of open water where the aquatic vegetation was not so abundant.

Moving on to the pools by the roadside at ND410934, between the Hoxa Tapestry gallery and the Hoxa Tea Room, many more B-tDs were seen. At least one pair was witnessed in tandem and several females were ovipositing onto submerged vegetation.

A search for Black Darter proved fruitless, but this species is on the wing at other sites in Orkney, so continued monitoring would seem appropriate. I admit, the presence of a tea room helps greatly in this endeavour!

Stop the clock!

The Orkney Field Club held a dragonfly and damselfly field trip on Saturday 5th July 2014, visiting several sites on West Mainland.

Unfortunately, Yours Truly was working until mid-afternoon, so I couldn't attend. However, it was still warm and sunny, correction, make that hot and sunny, when I closed the Yard, so Our Lass and I decided to head for a site in Stenness, Russadale quarry, on the off chance of an ode. Kindly, the organiser of the field trip, Dick Matson, had previously given me directions to this water body as it was, potentially, a good place to look for damselflies.

As we drove up the single track road towards Bigswell, an Orkney Vole ran across the road in front of us. After parking the car, Our Lass then spotted a female Hen Harrier gliding over the meadows. Pleasing moments both and perhaps good omens, too. The gentle climb uphill through Russadale was accompanied by the delightful babbling sound of a burn. The views back down the valley, taking in heather clad moor, grazing pastures, Harray and Stenness Lochs, the Ness of Brodgar and, beyond, the Bay of Skaill were well worth the effort.

Once in the quarry, we were surrounded by a low cliff festooned with Fuschia bushes, whilst a largish but shallow pool covered a good proportion of the floor.

Two birds of prey appeared overhead, which resolved themselves into a Kestrel trying to chase off a Sparrowhawk. Turning our attention to the pool, it was a while, probably due to lack of practice, before we managed to set eyes on a damsel, but we eventually found a dozen or so Large Reds, Pyrrhosoma nymphula, and perhaps half a dozen Blue-tailed Damselflies, Ischnura elegans. Several pairs of Large Reds were ovipositing, but we only identified one female Blue-tail and she was well away from the water.

All the above photos are courtesy of Our Lass.

So, finally, I can stop the clock on my wait for Orkney dragons in 2014. Yay!

The following morning, we discovered that the field trip had not had much luck at Russadale during their visit, there being too much cloud cover and not enough sun at noon. Crivens, how lucky were we?!

The good book

Last Friday, 30th May 2014, saw the official publication of the latest 'Atlas of Dragonflies in Britain and Ireland'. This odo-tastic tome has been five years in the making, is an update of the previous 1996 version and represents much hard work by volunteers, recorders and BDS staff.

My copy arrived today, so the old odometer will be off the Happy scale for a while, as I contentedly scour graphs, maps, tables, phenology, distributions, trends, species accounts et al.

My dragonfly year finally kicks off

I spent the last week of May in Perthshire, with Our Lass, my brother and his wife. As well as enjoying the area's novel features like big, leafy trees, the weather was generally milder and calmer than Orkney, so hopes were high of a little odo action to kickstart 'my' flight season.

Damselflies had already been reported elsewhere on Orkney, Large Reds emerging from a sheltered pond on or about the 13th of May, so I reckoned that it was high time I saw some... anywhere.

I had a stroke of luck when we visited the Scottish Wildlife Trust reserve at Loch of the Lowes. We were there principally to watch the pair of nesting Ospreys and possibly catch a glimpse of a Red Squirrel. The Ospreys had carried out a changeover of egg-incubating duties and things were a bit quiet, so we were scanning around to see what else was happening. In a brief pause, when I lowered my binoculars, an insect fluttered skywards from the reeds in front of the hide. Cue turmoil in the hide as Yours Truly tried to follow the flight path up into the trees.

Yep, it was a damselfly, but lacking any distinguishing colours, as it was very immature and this was its maiden flight. Several more were then seen clambering up reed stems, but IDing them was impossible as the reeds were swaying in the breeze and light levels dropped as clouds covered the sun.

We checked behind the hide, in case any had decided to roost nearer ground level, but found none. I quickly went to the car and retrieved my camera to record any sort of shot that might help with ID. I asked the reserve staff if any Odonata had been reported, but their Sightings board was bereft of dragons and damsels. Hmmm, if I was in England, first ode of the season would normally be Large Red Damselfly. Would the same hold true for this Scottish site?

This is the 'best' picture I managed, not all that helpful, but my best guess is a male Common Blue Damselfly, judging by the pattern of the black markings. All that grey should turn to blue as it matures. There's a broad antehumeral stripe on the thorax and the merest hint of a 'mushroom' shape on the second segment of the abdomen. CBD, surely?

A few days later, on the warmest, sunniest day of the holiday, we went to Keltneyburn, another Scottish Wildlife Trust reserve. Odonatological interest centred on a pond in the middle of Balchroich Meadow, but even within just a few paces of the car park, we were seeing Large Red Damselflies in huge numbers. By the time we reached the pond, there were teneral individuals making their fluttering maiden flights at a rate of ten a minute. Mature damsels were in tandem, or in cop, or ovipositing. It was a riot of red raunchiness and possibly the most LRDs I've ever seen in one place, at one time.

Here's a Large Red Damsel, perched on a small red damsel (my sis-in-law).

And another one, saying it with flowers.

The following day, we returned home to Orkney. However, en route, we called in at a couple of sites near Loch Garten. Time was short, as we had a ferry to catch*, so we were oh so fortunate to see another 3 species.

White-faced Darters were emerging from a small bog pool and fluttering away to nearby trees to harden their wings and colour up.

Here, a W-fD is in the quiescent stage, halfway out of the larval skin and very vulnerable to predation.

This is a slightly more mature male White Face, the orange markings yet to turn a deep red.

Both of these Garten sites held Four-spotted Chasers and Large Red Damselflies, but the second site, a large pond, is a superb water body for Northern Damselfly.

This is a gorgeous male, showing the 'ace of spades' mark on the second segment of the abdomen. This is apparently variable and not to be treated as diagnostic but, in my opinion, the other blue/black damsels that might possibly share the site can be eliminated from enquiries by their thoracic and abdominal markings: Common Blue = much wider antehumeral stripe on thorax and only one black side stripe; Azure = 'U' shape on second segment of abdomen.

So that's my 2014 flight season up and running. The next mission is to see some dragons on Orkney.

* except I thought the ferry left and hour earlier than it actually did, so I cheated myself out of 60 minutes of odo ogling. Doh!